Niki ibikoresho bya PLA

Ibikoresho bya PLA ni ibihe?

Acide Polylactique, izwi kandi nka PLA, ni monomer ya termoplastique ikomoka ku bintu bishobora kuvugururwa, biva mu binyabuzima nka krahisi y'ibigori cyangwa ibisheke.Gukoresha umutungo wa biyomasi bituma umusaruro wa PLA utandukanye na plastiki nyinshi, zikorwa hifashishijwe ibicanwa biva mu bicanwa no kubitandukanya na peteroli.

Nubwo itandukaniro ryibikoresho fatizo, PLA irashobora kubyazwa umusaruro hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bimwe na plastiki ya peteroli, bigatuma ibikorwa bya PLA bikora neza.PLA niyakabiri ikorwa cyane na bioplastique (nyuma yubushuhe bwa termoplastique) kandi ifite ibintu bisa na polypropilene (PP), polyethylene (PE), cyangwa polystirene (PS), kimwe no kubora ibinyabuzima.

Ikigo cy’ibinyabuzima gishobora kwangirika cyatangaje ko ibikoresho bya PLA bifite amahirwe yo gukoreshwa mu bijyanye no gupakira, ariko ntabwo ari byiza mu gukomera, kurwanya ubushyuhe, antibacterial na barrière.Iyo ushyizwe mubipfunyika ubwikorezi, gupakira antibacterial no gupakira ubwenge hamwe nibisabwa cyane kuriyi mitungo, bigomba kurushaho kunozwa.Tuvuge iki ku ikoreshwa rya PLA mu rwego rwo gupakira?Ni izihe nyungu n'imbogamizi?

Izi nenge za PLA zirashobora gukosorwa binyuze muri copolymerisation, kuvanga, plastike nibindi byahinduwe.Hashingiwe ku kugumana ibyiza biboneye kandi byangirika bya PLA, birashobora kurushaho kunoza iyangirika, ubukana, kurwanya ubushyuhe, inzitizi, ubwikorezi n’ibindi bintu bya PLA, kugabanya igiciro cy’umusaruro, no gutuma bikoreshwa cyane mu gupakira.
Aya makuru atangiza iterambere ryubushakashatsi bwo guhindura PLA ikoreshwa mubijyanye no gupakira
1. Gutesha agaciro

PLA ubwayo irahagaze neza mubushyuhe bwicyumba, ariko biroroshye kugabanuka vuba mubushyuhe buke buke, ibidukikije-aside cyangwa ibidukikije bya mikorobe.Mu bintu bigira ingaruka ku iyangirika rya PLA harimo uburemere bwa molekile, imiterere ya kristaline, microstructure, ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije n’ubushuhe, agaciro ka pH, igihe cyo kumurika na mikorobe y’ibidukikije.

Iyo ushyizwe mubipfunyika, ukwezi gutesha agaciro PLA ntabwo byoroshye kugenzura.Kurugero, kubera kwangirika kwayo, ibikoresho bya PLA bikoreshwa cyane mubipfunyika ibiryo kubigega byigihe gito.Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe kugenzura igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro doping cyangwa kuvanga ibindi bikoresho muri PLA ukurikije ibintu nkibidukikije bikwirakwizwa n’ibihe byubuzima, kugirango harebwe niba ibicuruzwa bipfunyitse bishobora kurindwa neza mugihe cyemewe kandi bikangirika muri igihe nyuma yo gutererana.

2. Imikorere ya bariyeri

Inzitizi nubushobozi bwo guhagarika ihererekanyabubasha rya gaze n’amazi, byitwa kandi ubushuhe na gaze birwanya.Inzitizi ni ingenzi cyane mu gupakira ibiryo.Kurugero, gupakira vacuum, gupakira ibintu hamwe no gupakira ikirere cyahinduwe byose bisaba inzitizi yibikoresho kuba byiza bishoboka;Kubungabunga ikirere cyizigamiye kubungabunga imbuto n'imboga bishya bisaba ko ibintu bitandukanye byinjira muri gaze nka ogisijeni na dioxyde de carbone;Gupakira ibicu bisaba ubuhehere bwiza bwibikoresho;Kurwanya ingese bisaba ko ibikoresho bishobora guhagarika gaze nubushuhe.

Ugereranije na bariyeri ndende nylon na polyvinylidene chloride, PLA ifite ogisijeni mbi na barrière de vapor.Iyo ushyizwe mubipfunyika, ntibirinda bihagije ibiryo byamavuta.

3.Gushyushya
Ubushyuhe buke bwibikoresho bya PLA biterwa nigipimo cyacyo cyo gutinda no gutondeka gake.Ubushyuhe bwo guhindura ubushyuhe bwa amorphous PLA ni 55 only gusa.Icyatsi cya polylactique kidahinduwe gifite ubushyuhe buke.Kubwibyo, ibyatsi bya PLA birakwiriye kubinyobwa bishyushye kandi bikonje, kandi ubushyuhe bwo kwihanganira ni - 10 ℃ kugeza 50 ℃.

Ariko, mugukoresha mubikorwa, ubwatsi bwibinyobwa byicyayi cyamata hamwe nikawa ikurura ikawa bigomba guhura nubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 80 ℃.Ibi bisaba guhinduka muburyo bwambere, bushobora guhindura imiterere ya PLA mubice bibiri: guhindura umubiri na chimique.Kwiyongera kwinshi, kwagura urunigi no guhuriza hamwe, kuzuza inorganiki hamwe nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango hahindurwe ubushyuhe buke bwa PLA ubwayo no guca inzitizi ya tekinike yibikoresho bya PLA.

Imikorere yihariye nuko uburebure bwishami bwurwego rwa PLA bushobora kugenzurwa no guhindura igipimo cyibiryo bya PLA hamwe na nucleating agent.Igihe kirekire urunigi rwishami, niko uburemere bwa molekuline, niko TG nini, ubukana bwibintu byongerwaho imbaraga hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro bugatezimbere, kugirango tunonosore ubushyuhe bw’ubushyuhe bwa PLA no kubuza imyitwarire y’ubushyuhe bwa PLA.